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Astronomers have identified mysterious icy objects in the outer Milky Way, raising questions about their nature. These structures, composed of ice and gas, are located in a region where star formation is rare. Despite early detections dating back to 2006-2011, recent observations using the AKARI space telescope and the ALMA array in Chile have provided conflicting dis...

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White streaks have been observed weaving through the northern lights, presenting a new atmospheric puzzle. Captured by the TREx mission, these eerie white glows appear alongside traditional red and green auroras or in areas where colourful displays have faded. The phenomenon is not considered an aurora, but its emission pattern shares similarities with STEVE, a purpli...

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A new AI-generated fluorescent protein, esmGFP, has been developed, a process that would have taken nature 500 million years. Scientists used ESM3, an AI model trained on billions of natural protein sequences, to design a functional protein beyond evolutionary constraints. The development is expected to accelerate medical research, drug discovery, and biotechnology. E...

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Scientists have achieved a major milestone by creating a bi-paternal mouse, marking progress in stem cell science and reproductive biology. By modifying imprinting genes, researchers overcame previous barriers to unisexual mammalian reproduction. While only a small percentage of the engineered embryos survived to birth, the research demonstrates the potential for adva...

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Comet 2024 G3 (ATLAS) has captured the attention of astronomers with its incredible brightness and distinct tail structure. First observed in 2024, it became the brightest comet in 18 years, and it even reached a rare feat of being visible during daylight. This comet, which passed closest to the sun in January 2025, has earned the title of "Great Comet of 2025" due to...

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The Bayeux Tapestry, an extraordinary 11th-century embroidery, vividly portrays William the Conqueror's victory at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and the death of King Harold. Spanning 230 feet in length, this detailed masterpiece consists of 58 scenes embroidered with wool, depicting significant historical moments, including Halley's Comet and Harold's oath on saintl...

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Archaeologists in Ecuador have uncovered the remains of a pregnant woman who lived 1,200 years ago during the Manteño period. The burial, which included valuable trade artifacts like Spondylus shells and obsidian blades, suggests a ritual sacrifice, though the exact motivations remain unclear. Fractures on her skull indicate she may have died from a fatal blow, and h...

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Electric propulsion technology, powered by ion engines, is gaining traction for its efficiency in space travel. However, challenges such as back-scattered electrons from the ion plume threaten spacecraft components like solar arrays and antennas. Recent research by scientists from the University of Virginia and the University of Southern California, published in Plasm...

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ISRO marked its 100th launch with the successful deployment of the NVS-02 satellite using the GSLV-F15 rocket from Sriharikota. This was the first launch under Chairman V Narayanan, who took charge in January 2025. The NVS-02 satellite is part of the second-generation NavIC system, designed to enhance positioning and navigation services across India and beyond.

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Extended space missions, such as those aboard the International Space Station (ISS), are linked to significant ocular changes in astronauts. These changes, collectively termed spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS), affect around 70 percent of astronauts. A recent study found reductions in ocular rigidity, intraocular pressure, and ocular pulse amplitude,...

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Recent research suggests the Sahara Desert and Amazon rainforest might hold the key to uncovering the earliest dinosaurs, tracing their origins to equatorial Gondwana over 230 million years ago. Studies published in Current Biology propose that small, chicken-sized dinosaurs thrived in arid regions before dispersing widely. Limited fossil records from these underexplo...

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M87*, the supermassive black hole in Messier 87, continues to captivate astronomers. EHT observations from 2017 and 2018 revealed turbulence in the accretion flow, with the plasma ring’s brightest region shifting due to gas dynamics. The study also uncovered a counter-rotating gas spiral feeding mechanism, refining understanding of black hole feeding processes. With...

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Chorus waves, energetic electromagnetic bursts resembling bird chirps, have been detected 100,000 miles from Earth, far beyond their usual range. NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale satellites observed these waves in a flatter region of Earth's magnetosphere, contradicting prior assumptions about their formation near strong magnetic gradients. The waves, driven by solar ...

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A discovery of trillions of comets in 74 star systems has opened new doors for understanding the role of exocomets in planetary water sources. The planetesimal belts, detected using ALMA and SMA telescopes, offer crucial insights into the evolution of planetary systems and the potential for life-supporting water on distant planets. This research paves the way for futu...

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Human outer ears may have evolved from the cartilage in ancient fish gills, according to recent research. Gene-editing experiments demonstrated a genetic link between fish gills and mammalian ears, with findings suggesting this transformation dates back millions of years. Researchers tested genetic enhancers in zebrafish, mice, and lizards, uncovering evidence that ma...

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A fossilised neck bone from a juvenile Cryodrakon boreas has been unearthed in Alberta, showing evidence of a crocodilian bite. The discovery highlights predator-prey dynamics from 76 million years ago, where ancient crocodilians preyed on or scavenged young pterosaurs. This specimen, identified through micro-CT scans, provides rare evidence of interactions between th...

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A recent study suggests that supernova explosions, triggered by the death of early stars, could have created significant amounts of water just 100 million years after the Big Bang. Simulations of these early, massive stars show that their explosive deaths may have resulted in the formation of water molecules within the dense hydrogen and oxygen clouds they left behind...

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Bill Nelson has retired as NASA administrator, with Janet Petro named as acting chief as Donald Trump begins his second term as president. Nelson's tenure saw the launch of landmark missions, including the James Webb Space Telescope and Artemis 1. Jared Isaacman has been nominated as the permanent NASA chief, awaiting Senate confirmation. Nelson called his tenure a hu...

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New observations suggest that Comet C/2024 G3 (ATLAS) might be disintegrating after its close perihelion on January 15, 2025. Images reveal dimming of the comet’s coma and a bright streamer in its tail, indicating possible thermal stress from solar radiation. Experts speculate that structural cracks could be causing gas and dust to escape from the nucleus. Though co...

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Cutting-edge research using ultrafast X-ray absorption spectroscopy has revealed the structural and thermal behaviour of iron under extreme conditions mimicking Earth’s core. Findings show a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure at 240 GPa and 5,345 K, challenging prior theories favouring a body-centred cubic (bcc) form. The study provides critical insights into Ea...

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A new dataset developed by Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo provides valuable insights into Earth's upper atmosphere, specifically the mesosphere. Spanning 19 years, the data sheds light on phenomena like auroras, gravity waves, and their connection to space weather. The study, published in Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, aims to fill gaps in...

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A zombie star remnant, Pa 30, located 6,500 light-years from Earth, is surrounded by spiky filaments that have baffled astronomers. These filaments, observed for centuries, continue to puzzle scientists, as their formation and long-term stability remain unclear. The star's explosion in 1181 was initially noted by skywatchers, but its remnant structure has been studied...

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New research warns that heavy dark matter particles could interfere with the Higgs boson, leading to instability in the Standard Model of particle physics. If confirmed, this could reshape how dark matter is studied, suggesting lighter particles or new interaction mechanisms. Scientists may need to adjust experiments to focus on low-mass candidates.

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A recent study has revealed inconsistencies in the universe's expansion rate, further challenging established cosmological models. Measurements from the Hubble Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) indicate that the universe is expanding at varying speeds. This discrepancy raises critical questions about the c...

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While Stonehenge may be the most famous megalithic site, it's not the oldest or largest. From the 11,000-year-old Göbekli Tepe in Turkey to the thousands of stones at Carnac in France, several ancient structures surpass Stonehenge in scale and mystery. These remarkable sites offer insights into the early societies that built them, with many still holding secrets abou...

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Scientists have uncovered massive ice age landforms buried deep beneath the North Sea, revealing patterns of a colossal ice sheet that existed 1 million years ago. Using high-resolution sound wave imaging, researchers discovered features indicating a single, large ice sheet that shaped the region’s landscape. These findings provide new perspectives on the climate ch...

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A large hidden aquifer, holding more than twice the water volume of Lake Mead, has been discovered beneath the Oregon Cascades. Scientists found the water, stored in volcanic rocks, has the potential to impact both water usage and volcanic activity. Researchers stress the need for further studies on how climate change could affect this reservoir, with possible implica...

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NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has produced a massive photomosaic of the Andromeda galaxy, revealing more than 200 million stars. The study offers fresh insights into Andromeda’s evolutionary history, which includes mergers with smaller galaxies. This breakthrough provides a clearer picture of the galaxy's structure and the processes that shaped its star formations...

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In a major development in quantum physics, researchers have discovered quantum entanglement inside protons, a breakthrough that was previously theorised but unproven. Using data from the Large Hadron Collider and advanced quantum information science, evidence of entanglement between quarks and gluons was found within the proton. This discovery challenges long-standing...

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A $32M class action settlement has been reached following allegations of market monopolization and price fixing by major telescope manufacturers. Brands like Celestron, Meade, Olivon, and Sky-Watcher are included. The settlement affects buyers in the U.S. who purchased telescopes between 2005 and 2023. Claims must be filed by May 20, 2025, as per reports. This comes a...

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NASA’s TESS has observed the closest and fastest disintegrating planet, BD+05 4868 Ab, located 141 light-years away. The planet loses a moon’s mass every million years as it is bombarded by its host star. Scientists are examining its massive dust trails, offering rare insights into the composition of terrestrial exoplanets. Researchers from MIT and Penn State plan...

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The FAA is investigating SpaceX's Starship Flight 7, which exploded mid-flight, scattering debris over the Atlantic near Turks and Caicos. While no injuries were reported, potential public property damage is being reviewed. A propellant leak has been identified as a possible cause of the mishap. Aircraft diversions and delays were also noted due to falling debris. The...

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Over 130 earthquakes struck Iceland’s Bárðarbunga volcano within hours on January 14, including a significant 5.1 magnitude quake. The Bárðarbunga system, Iceland's largest volcanic zone, has a history of major eruptions, with the 2014–2015 event producing a lava field larger than Manhattan. Experts at the Icelandic Meteorological Office are evaluating whether...

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NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory has revealed a potential breakthrough in predicting solar flares. Scientists observed brightness fluctuations in coronal loops—plasma structures in the Sun's atmosphere—that intensify hours before solar flares occur. This discovery, with a prediction accuracy of 60–80%, may provide 2–6 hours of advance warning, aiding space mi...

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Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have identified AT 2023adsv, a supernova that occurred 11.4 billion years ago. This stellar explosion, from a star 20 times the size of the Sun, offers a glimpse into the early universe's unique stellar evolution. Part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey, the event highlights how the first stars, large...

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Marking a milestone in space exploration, two private lunar landers, Blue Ghost by Firefly Aerospace and Resilience by ispace, were launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center on January 15. Blue Ghost, under NASA's CLPS program, will study lunar regolith and environmental elements, landing in Mare Crisium. Resilience, carrying the Tena...

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Tree crops, covering over 183 million hectares globally, are vital for biodiversity, food production, and climate action. Researchers have urged sustainable policies to harness their full potential, highlighting their role in addressing rural poverty, mitigating climate change, and supporting ecosystems. These systems offer year-round habitats, reduce soil erosion, an...

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NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has identified a rare stellar phenomenon called the “blue lurker” in the M67 star cluster. Located 2,800 light-years away, this star is part of a triple-star system and has an unusual evolutionary history. The blue lurker’s accelerated spin, taking just four days, contrasts with the typical rotation of Sun-like stars. The star’s...

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NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured images of frozen sand dunes in Mars' northern hemisphere, revealing unique formations halted by carbon dioxide frost during winter. Unlike Earth's desert dunes, which shift with wind, these Martian dunes remain stationary until spring thaw releases their icy grip. Scientists study these features to understand whether Mars on...

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A technical issue has delayed Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket launch, initially planned for January 13, 2025. Ice formation in a purge line of the auxiliary power unit caused the mission to be scrubbed. The reusable first stage of the rocket is set to land on a ship named Jacklyn after liftoff. Blue Origin has rescheduled the launch for January 16, 2025, allowing time ...

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The European Space Agency (ESA), in collaboration with NASA, has used data from the Solar Orbiter mission to convert solar flares into audible sound. By mapping solar flare data into blue circles and pairing them with tones, a new way to experience solar activity has been created. This process is linked to the sun’s 11-year solar cycle, with current activity reflect...

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The flags planted by Apollo astronauts on the moon are likely in poor condition due to harsh lunar conditions. Exposure to intense sunlight and micrometeoroid impacts likely caused the degradation of the flags. Although they may be brittle and faded, these flags remain powerful symbols of the achievements of the Apollo missions. Experts have speculated on the potentia...

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In 2024, Earth recorded its hottest year ever, surpassing the critical 1.5 degree Celsius warming threshold for the first time in history. This significant temperature increase has been linked to intensified weather events, rising sea levels, and widespread environmental damage. The year saw an alarming rise in climate-related disasters, with the U.S. alone experienci...

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On January 2, China tested five rocket engines in Beijing and Hebei Province. These tests included hydrogen-oxygen and methane-based engines for various applications, such as lunar missions and deep-space exploration. The trials mark a significant step in China’s efforts to enhance its space programmes. CASC’s engineers have highlighted the success of these trials...

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A team of scientists in Antarctica has extracted a 2.8-kilometre-long ice core from Little Dome C, believed to be 1.2 million years old. The ice core contains trapped air bubbles and volcanic ash, offering valuable data on climate shifts and the Mid-Pleistocene Transition. The research aims to uncover the cause behind significant climatic changes and their potential c...

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Over 13,000 acres have burned in Los Angeles County as wildfires spread rapidly, fueled by Santa Ana winds reaching up to 99 mph. Tens of thousands have been evacuated, and firefighting efforts are being challenged by dry conditions and water supply issues. With two confirmed fatalities and over 1,000 structures destroyed, officials are racing against time to contain ...

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A study published in Science Advances has provided groundbreaking insights into the early evolution of nervous systems in ecdysozoans, the group that includes insects and nematodes. Fossils from the Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation showed that ancient organisms like Eopriapulites had a single ventral nerve cord, supporting its ancestral role. Researchers suggest paired ...

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Cosmic rays and their byproduct, muons, may help scientists study tornado formation by detecting pressure changes remotely. This technique would avoid the need for direct measurements within dangerous storms. Researchers plan to use muon detectors over large areas or portable versions to track severe weather patterns. The findings could enhance understanding of how lo...

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On January 13, 2025, Mars will disappear behind the Moon in a rare lunar occultation, coinciding with Mars’ opposition. This event will be visible across the United States, parts of Canada, Mexico, and Western Africa, making it a unique opportunity for stargazers. Mars will shine brightest during this event, offering a chance to view its features with the naked eye,...

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Japan has launched LignoSat, the world’s first wooden satellite, into orbit, marking a step toward sustainable space technology. Developed by JAXA, the satellite is crafted from honoki magnolia wood, chosen for its durability and resistance to environmental stress. Sensors onboard will monitor temperature, radiation, and physical strain to assess the feasibility of ...

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A recent study of ancient kangaroo teeth contradicts previous beliefs that climate change caused their extinction. By examining the wear on teeth, researchers found that kangaroos had flexible diets, which made them resilient to climate shifts. This evidence suggests that human hunting activities, rather than dietary limitations, played a more significant role in the ...

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Velvet ants, also known as parasitic wasps, deliver venom that acts differently in mammals and insects. According to a study, specific venom peptides cause pain by targeting distinct neural pathways in each species. Researchers suggest this tailored venom evolved to fend off multiple predators, revealing insights into the adaptive nature of these insects. The study hi...

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A bacterial parasite influences plant cell behaviour to attract insects and secure its transmission. Research reveals how the SAP54 protein manipulates plant defences, encouraging female insects to choose plants with male leafhoppers. This adaptation ensures the parasite’s life cycle continues by promoting reproduction and feeding in infected plants. The findings hi...

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Researchers introduced red algal chloroplasts into animal cells, achieving 48 hours of photosynthesis activity. Led by Sachihiro Matsunaga, the study used advanced methods for chloroplast integration. Though challenges remain, this breakthrough could lead to photosynthesizing materials for carbon capture and biotechnology

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SpaceX will conduct its seventh Starship test flight on January 13, launching from South Texas. The mission features the deployment of mock Starlink satellites, marking a major milestone in payload deployment. The test also includes the reuse of a Raptor engine and an attempt to recover the Super Heavy booster using Starbase’s launch tower. This is part of ongoing e...

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Over 13,000 acres have burned in Los Angeles County as wildfires spread rapidly, fueled by Santa Ana winds reaching up to 99 mph. Tens of thousands have been evacuated, and firefighting efforts are being challenged by dry conditions and water supply issues. With two confirmed fatalities and over 1,000 structures destroyed, officials are racing against time to contain ...

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The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has postponed the Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX) for the second time, citing excessive drift between the satellites during manoeuvres. The mission, which aims to demonstrate docking and undocking technology critical for future space missions, was originally scheduled for Tuesday and then moved to Thursday before being d...

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The Vera Rubin Observatory, set to begin operations in 2025, is expected to revolutionise the study of dark comets. These elusive objects, which lack visible tails but exhibit non-gravitational acceleration, have already been identified in our solar system, but their true numbers remain unknown. The observatory's advanced technology, including a powerful camera and en...

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ISRO has postponed its Space Docking Experiment (SpaDex) mission which was scheduled for Thursday. In a post on X, ISRO said, "While making a maneuver to reach 225 m between satellites, the drift was found to be more than expected post non-visibility period."

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A recent study of the NGC 5018 galaxy group, located about 132.5 million light years away in the Virgo constellation, provides new insights into its globular cluster (GC) system. Researchers analysed deep imaging data from the VLT Survey Telescope, revealing thousands of GC candidates, with a significant concentration around NGC 5018 itself. The study also uncovered a...

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SpaceX is preparing for the seventh Starship flight test, scheduled for January 10, which will focus on deploying 10 Starlink simulators. The mission aims to assess Starship's capacity for carrying and deploying advanced payloads. Enhancements to the Starship design and propulsion system will be tested, along with the Super Heavy booster’s recovery system. If succes...

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A new theory proposes that Pluto’s largest moon, Charon, was formed billions of years ago through a rare "kiss-and-capture" collision in the Kuiper Belt. This process involves two icy bodies briefly merging and then separating, leaving Charon in a stable orbit around Pluto. Unlike traditional collision models, this event challenges previous theories and may offer in...

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A 2,300-year-old marble statuette, discovered in Alexandria, Egypt, offers a rare insight into how dwarves were viewed during the Ptolemaic period. Blending Greek and Egyptian artistic traditions, the 4-inch figure portrays a muscular dwarf in motion. This cultural integration highlights the respect for dwarves in Egyptian society, associated with strength and protect...

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SpaceX successfully launched its first Starlink mission of 2025 on January 6, sending 24 satellites into orbit to expand its global internet network. The Falcon 9 rocket’s first stage returned to Earth, landing on the droneship "Just Read the Instructions," marking the 17th successful landing for this particular booster. The Starlink constellation now exceeds 6,850 ...

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ISRO has postponed its first-ever space docking attempt under the SpaDeX mission, now scheduled for January 9, 2025. The delay is due to the identification of an abort scenario during ground simulations, which requires further validation before proceeding. The mission involves the automated docking of two satellites in low Earth orbit and is a critical test for India...

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NASA will update the public on the Mars Sample Return mission during a press conference on January 7, 2025. The agency aims to reduce costs, risks, and mission complexity, following significant delays and rising costs. Originally estimated at $3 billion in 2020, the mission now carries a price tag of $11 billion, with potential delays extending to 2040. Collaborations...

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A recent study challenges the long-standing belief that the Roman Empire’s decline was caused by volcanic eruptions and the Justinianic plague. Instead, the research reveals that the eastern Roman Empire, during the 6th century, experienced significant growth in population and trade. This new perspective, drawn from large-scale archaeological data, debunks earlier c...

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A new crystal-based cooling technology could significantly reduce the environmental impact of refrigerators and air conditioners. The unique plastic crystals absorb heat under pressure, providing a climate-friendly alternative to traditional refrigerants. However, challenges remain, such as the extreme pressures required for operation. Experts express cautious optimis...

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The study of the sun, its activity, and effects across the solar system will advance in 2025. With Solar Cycle 25 peaking, six NASA missions planned, and new research priorities outlined, scientists are poised to address long-standing questions about solar dynamics and their impacts. Missions such as IMAP, ESCAPADE, and PUNCH will investigate solar wind, space weather...

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A new study has identified two crucial processes in preserving organic carbon beneath the ocean floor: sorption and molecular transformation. Conducted by scientists from the University of Manchester and the University of Leeds, the research highlights how these mechanisms keep carbon locked in sediments, preventing its release as carbon dioxide. AI was used to enhanc...

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Research in Lake Mendota reveals seasonal bacterial evolution, with microbes adapting to environmental shifts over 20 years. Despite rapid changes, many species return to prior genetic states, highlighting cyclical evolution patterns. Extreme weather events, like those seen in 2012, led to lasting genetic adaptations, offering insights into how microbes might respond ...

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ISRO is set for a milestone year in 2025, with a series of high-profile space missions. The year will begin with the Space Docking Experiment (SpaDex) scheduled for January 7, aimed at testing critical docking capabilities for future space missions. Following this, the NVS-02 satellite, which will replace the NavIC satellite system, is expected to launch. The Gaganyaa...

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SpaceX announced its next Starship test flight would feature the rocket's first attempt to deploy 10 model Starlink satellites, showcasing its satellite launch market potential. Planned for later this month from Boca Chica, Texas, the Elon Musk-run company's seventh test-to-failure flight is expected to incorporate new upgrades with each attempt.

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The site of Alexander the Great’s decisive Battle of Granicus, fought in 334 B.C., has been uncovered in northwest Turkey. Archaeologists identified the location about 10 kilometres north of Biga, using a combination of historical records and geomorphological research. The discovery includes the remains of Hermaion, the ancient city where Alexander’s troops camped...

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On April 2, 2024, debris from China's Shenzhou-15 spacecraft lit up the Los Angeles sky during an uncontrolled reentry. Scientists employed seismic data to track the sonic booms generated by the debris, analysing its path, speed, and fragmentation. This novel use of seismic tools highlights the risks of increasing space debris and the potential to improve public safet...

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The Antlia Cluster, located approximately 130 million light-years away in the Antlia constellation, has been imaged in remarkable detail by the Dark Energy Camera. This cluster, home to over 230 galaxies, features a variety of types including lenticular, irregular, and dwarf galaxies. Observations suggest that the two dominant elliptical galaxies, NGC 3268 and NGC 325...

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Solar storms on New Year’s Eve sparked breathtaking auroras across the US and Europe, with vibrant displays visible as far south as California, Austria, and Germany. Two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) struck Earth’s magnetic field, causing geomagnetic storms that reached G3 levels on January 1.

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Scientists have identified regions on Mars where conditions might support microbial life beneath the surface. Seasonal methane variations and Earth-based studies of similar environments suggest underground habitats such as Acidalia Planitia could hold the key. Methanogens, microbes that produce methane, thrive in extreme conditions on Earth, like subglacial lakes and ...

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A recent biodiversity survey in Peru’s Alto Mayo region led to the discovery of 27 new species, including a unique blob-headed bristlemouth armored catfish. The survey, conducted by Conservation International, uncovered new mammals, amphibians, fish, butterflies, and plants, emphasizing the area’s ecological importance. Researchers used innovative techniques like ...

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Princeton University researchers have developed a new 3D printed plastic material that is stretchable, flexible, and recyclable. Using thermoplastic elastomers and thermal annealing, the material can be tailored to different mechanical properties, making it suitable for applications in soft robotics, medical devices, prosthetics, and more. The cost-effective and scala...

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A 12,000-year-old wolf leg bone discovered at the Swan Point archaeological site in Alaska has provided new insights into early human-wolf interactions. DNA analysis confirmed the animal was related to wolves, while chemical isotope testing showed it had a diet rich in salmon, suggesting possible human involvement. Researchers debate whether this animal was intentiona...

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