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A team of astronomers, led by Emma Schwartzmann from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, used the Very Large Array (VLA) to study the nearby galaxy cluster merger CIZA J0107.7+5408 (CIZA0107). The observations provided new insights into the dynamics of galaxy mergers, revealing a disturbed system with two subclusters and diffuse radio emission spanning 1.6 million lig...

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SpaceX launched its 132nd and final Falcon 9 mission of 2024, deploying 21 Starlink V2 Mini satellites into orbit, some featuring direct-to-cell technology. The Falcon 9 booster completed its 16th flight, landing successfully on the droneship “Just Read the Instructions.” This mission marked the 390th booster landing for SpaceX and capped a record-breaking year wi...

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An X1.1-class solar flare on December 29, 2024, caused strong radio blackouts on Earth, marking another significant event in the increasingly active Solar Cycle 25. Detected by NOAA's GOES-16 satellite, the eruption raises questions about a potential coronal mass ejection, which could amplify auroras during New Year celebrations. While impactful, the flare was smaller...

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Astronomers, using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), have identified Zhúlóng, a massive spiral galaxy with a redshift of 5.2. This discovery places the galaxy in a time when the universe was under a billion years old, providing critical insights into early galactic formation. Zhúlóng, named after a mythical Chinese dragon, spans 62,000 light-years and exhibit...

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NASA's Parker Solar Probe has set an unprecedented milestone, coming 3.8 million miles from the Sun at a speed of 430,000 mph. Launched in 2018, the spacecraft has utilised Venus flybys to perfect its orbit, enabling this historic feat. With advanced technology, it endures extreme temperatures, gathering critical data about solar wind and particle activity. This missi...

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Scientists have unveiled extraordinary discoveries about black holes, offering new insights into their evolution and impact on the universe. Among these findings is the potential detection of an intermediate black hole near Sagittarius A*, bridging the gap between stellar-mass and supermassive black holes. The James Webb Space Telescope observed a supermassive black h...

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Throughout 2024, Egypt's archaeological sites revealed groundbreaking discoveries, including the first known astronomical observatory, evidence of hallucinogenic rituals, and ancient medical practices. Highlights include the intact tomb of Idi, a governor’s daughter, gold tongues believed to aid afterlife communication, and a 4,500-year-old skull showing attempted c...

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Organic molecules, the building blocks of life, have been discovered across space—from interstellar clouds to asteroids and comets. Findings from missions like Rosetta, Hayabusa2, and Osiris-Rex reveal that these compounds existed long before the Sun formed. Scientists believe organic molecules survived planetary formation in protoplanetary disks and contribute to t...

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ISRO’s Spadex mission, scheduled for December 30, will demonstrate satellite docking with two small spacecraft, SDX01 and SDX02, launched into orbit using PSLV-C60. The mission will highlight innovative technologies, such as precision sensors and orbit determination systems, and showcase power transfer between the docked satellites. Payloads on both satellites will ...

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Space exploration in 2025 will see remarkable missions from global agencies like NASA, ESA, China, and Japan. Key initiatives include lunar landings through NASA’s CLPS and Japan’s M2/Resilience, which will test new technologies and study lunar resources. China’s Tianwen-2 mission aims to collect asteroid samples and explore a comet, advancing knowledge of the s...

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Solar Cycle 25 continues with high activity levels in 2025. Increased solar flares and geomagnetic storms are anticipated, with risks to satellite systems and power grids. Widespread auroras could also light up low-latitude skies. Partial solar eclipses are scheduled for March and September in select regions. Observations indicate strong solar phenomena may persist ev...

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A new study has revealed significant variation in the nut-cracking abilities of chimpanzees within the same group, highlighting differences in their cognitive and motor skills. Researchers analysed 3,882 video-recorded attempts by wild chimpanzees in Bossou, Guinea, to crack open oil palm nuts. The study found that some chimps were highly skilled, cracking nuts effici...

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Trillions of tons of hydrogen have been discovered beneath Earth's surface, offering a potential clean energy solution. A recent study estimates 6.2 trillion tons of hydrogen in rocks and reservoirs, capable of powering the planet for 200 years. While access and economic viability remain challenges, scientists see immense promise in these natural reserves for reducing...

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The Parker Solar Probe achieved the closest-ever sun flyby on Christmas Eve, reaching within 3.8 million miles of the solar surface and travelling at 430,000 miles per hour. Scientists are now waiting for a signal expected on December 27 to confirm the spacecraft’s health. Detailed telemetry and collected data are anticipated by January 1, with observations likely t...

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Scientists using the MeerKAT Pulsar Timing Array have made a groundbreaking discovery, confirming the presence of a gravitational wave background in the universe. This unexpected phenomenon, detected with unprecedented precision, suggests that supermassive black hole collisions may occur more frequently than previously thought. By observing the signals of 83 pulsars, ...

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A team of researchers has proposed a new theory explaining the formation of Jupiter-mass binary objects (JuMBOs), identified in 2023 in the Orion Nebula. The theory involves photo erosion, where radiation from massive stars strips away mass from stellar cores, shaping JuMBOs into objects with masses comparable to Jupiter. This theory sheds light on the puzzling existe...

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Astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) celebrated Christmas in a unique way, creating a festive atmosphere with floating candy canes and a snowman made from storage bags. The multinational crew, including astronauts from NASA and Russian cosmonauts, shared heartfelt messages, reflecting on their unity as a team and the collaborative efforts of mission...

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NASA has pushed back its Artemis 2 and Artemis 3 lunar missions to 2026 and 2027, respectively. The delays are attributed to issues with the Orion spacecraft, particularly its heat shield, which experienced damage during the Artemis 1 mission. Safety concerns and technical adjustments are being prioritised. The rescheduling could influence NASA’s competitive standin...

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A genetic study of a 1,500-year-old Moche tomb in Peru has revealed a unique sacrificial ritual involving family members. Two teenagers, one a boy sacrificed to his father and a girl to her aunt, were found buried alongside high-status individuals in a tomb at the Huaca Cao Viejo temple. This discovery, reported in PNAS, challenges previous assumptions about Moche sac...

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Astronomers have discovered a new class of cosmic explosions, known as 'millinovas,' which are 100 times brighter than the Sun. These events, first identified in 2023, were observed in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, two satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. The millinovas are thought to occur when white dwarfs feed off a companion star, producing intense X-ray ...

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NASA’s Parker Solar Probe made its closest-ever approach to the Sun on Tuesday, becoming the first man-made object to accomplish this feat. Parker should have travelled as close as 6.1 million kilometres to the Sun, gathering important data about its outer atmosphere. The confirmation about these feats should arrive by December 27, as the space agency had to disconn...

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NASA’s Dawn mission to the asteroid Vesta revealed mysterious gullies on its surface. New lab experiments, simulating Vesta's harsh vacuum conditions, suggest that liquid water, possibly briny, could have flowed briefly and carved these channels. These findings challenge existing theories about liquid stability on airless bodies and provide insight into processes on...

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SpaceX has secured a deal with Vast Space to conduct two private astronaut missions to the International Space Station (ISS) using the Falcon 9 rocket and Crew Dragon capsule. The missions are part of Vast Space’s broader strategy to advance private space stations, with the company’s Haven-1 space station expected to launch soon. The flights, still awaiting NASA...

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Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging have successfully demonstrated how AI can identify the aromas and origins of whiskies with remarkable accuracy. By analysing the chemical compositions of 16 US and Scottish whiskies, the AI achieved over 90% accuracy in distinguishing between the two, surpassing human expert panels. The tech...

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Rocket Lab's scheduled launch of Synspective's Earth-imaging satellite, "Owl The Way Up," was postponed on December 20, 2024. The delay, announced by the company, was due to the need for further analysis of sensor data. The mission aims to deploy one of Synspective's Strix radar-imaging satellites, part of a broader plan to establish a 30-satellite constellation for h...

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A new study reveals that Arctic Siberia experienced summer temperatures up to 10 degree Celsius warmer than today during the Last Interglacial period, which occurred approximately 115,000–130,000 years ago. Researchers analysed sediment cores and fossil records from the Dmitry Laptev Strait to reconstruct past environments. The study found significant vegetation shi...

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A new biodegradable microbead has been developed as a potential replacement for plastic exfoliants in skincare products. These polymer-based beads break down into molecules resembling sugars and amino acids, making them environmentally safe. When tested on pig skin, the beads demonstrated superior performance in removing permanent marker and eyeliner compared to soap ...

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Firefly Aerospace’s Blue Ghost lunar lander will launch on SpaceX Falcon 9 in mid-January with 10 NASA payloads designed to test cutting-edge technologies. The mission includes tools like a radiation-resistant computer system, a GPS-like navigation system for lunar use, and dust-repelling technology for equipment maintenance. These payloads aim to advance lunar scie...

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SpaceX is preparing for a significant dual lunar mission in January 2025, using its Falcon 9 rocket to carry two private landers. Japan’s ispace will deploy its upgraded Resilience lander, aiming for Mare Frigoris as part of Mission 2. The lander carries multiple scientific payloads, including a microrover named Tenacious, which will collect lunar soil for NASA. Sha...

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On December 18, 2024, ISRO began assembling the Human-Rated Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (HLVM3) for the Gaganyaan-G1 uncrewed mission, a significant milestone in India's human spaceflight programme. The HLVM3, designed for human spaceflight, will carry the Crew Module with upgraded safety features. This mission builds on past successes, such as the LVM3-X/CARE mission in 20...

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NASA researchers have uncovered a black hole in the NGC 5084 galaxy that rotates at an unexpected angle, revealed through re-analysed Chandra X-ray data. The black hole is surrounded by unusual X-shaped plasma plumes, indicating disruptions in the galaxy's past. A tipped dusty disk further supports this, confirming the black hole's unique sideways orientation. These f...

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NASA astronauts Barry "Butch" Wilmore and Sunita Williams, aboard the Boeing Starliner spacecraft, will remain on the International Space Station (ISS) until March 2025 due to a delay in the SpaceX Crew-10 mission. The launch of Crew-10 has been postponed to allow for the completion of a new Crew Dragon capsule. This delay extends their stay from the planned 10 days t...

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NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope and Chandra X-ray Observatory have unveiled stunning new images of two star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud. NGC 602, located approximately 200,000 light-years from Earth, showcases active star formation, with dust clouds and ionised gas revealing unique stellar birth conditions. Meanwhile, NGC 2264 features a cone-like "Chri...

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The SWOT satellite, a joint NASA-CNES mission, has provided new insights into the Ohio River Basin’s lakes, reservoirs, and water movement. Observations show water level changes between 1,600 feet and 330 feet, offering hydrologists critical insights into river discharge and freshwater availability. The SWOT satellite captures comprehensive water data every 21 days,...

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The Tamil thriller Nirangal Moondru, starring Atharvaa, R. Sarathkumar, and Rahman, is set for its OTT debut on Aha from December 20, 2024. Directed by Karthick Naren and produced under Ayngaran International, the film offers an intense narrative exploring three interconnected stories over one night. The gripping storyline combines suspense, emotional depth, and twist...

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Massive starspots have been observed on the red giant star XX Trianguli, located 630 light-years from Earth. These starspots, larger than the sun's entire surface, make XX Trianguli the "most spotted star in the sky." Researchers from the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam and HUN-REN RCAES discovered that the star's internal magnetic dynamo is chaotic, differ...

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Archaeologists have discovered two cannons dating back to 1541 in Arizona. The firearms, believed to be the oldest found in the US, were left behind by Spanish forces after a battle against Native Americans. The cannons, part of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado’s expedition, were likely abandoned following resistance from Indigenous groups. Experts highlight the histo...

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A23a, the largest iceberg in the world, has begun moving again after being trapped in a vortex near the South Orkney Islands. Weighing nearly a trillion tonnes and twice the size of Greater London, the iceberg has been stuck in the Weddell Sea for over three decades. Now on its way north, scientists are studying its potential environmental impacts, including how it af...

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NASA has successfully integrated the telescope and instruments for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, marking a major step towards its 2027 launch. The mission will explore dark energy, exoplanets, and other cosmic phenomena with state-of-the-art instruments like the Wide Field and Coronagraph instruments. The payload has been assembled at the Goddard Space Flight...

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NASA has detailed a 20-year strategy for Mars exploration in a report calling for innovative approaches, cost-efficient missions, and global partnerships. The plan addresses core scientific questions, including Mars’ habitability and signs of life, and focuses on developing advanced technology to access challenging terrains. Public engagement and collaboration with ...

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New World Screwworm, a flesh-eating parasite that affects livestock and humans, is resurging in Central America. Cases in Panama, Costa Rica, and Mexico have spiked since 2023, prompting U.S. authorities to tighten livestock import restrictions and monitor for potential spread. The parasite causes painful infestations, with no approved treatments except larvae removal...

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A humpback whale has been tracked on an unprecedented 8,000-mile migration, breaking records for the longest documented journey between breeding grounds. Scientists suggest the movement might be due to climate change affecting food and mating behaviours. AI-driven photo tracking through HappyWhale.com played a key role in identifying the whale’s unique route across ...

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The James Webb Space Telescope has captured the Firefly Sparkle galaxy, existing 600 million years after the Big Bang. This rare discovery showcases a galaxy similar in mass to the Milky Way during its early years. Unprecedented details were revealed using gravitational lensing and infrared imaging, highlighting 10 distinct star clusters within Firefly Sparkle. Close ...

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NASA's latest findings indicate that Jupiter's volcanic moon Io does not have a global magma ocean beneath its surface, debunking previous theories. This conclusion comes from analysis of data from NASA's Juno spacecraft and archival observations from the Galileo mission. The study suggests that Io's interior is more solid than expected, with volcanic activity driven ...

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The Ingenuity Mars Helicopter, designed for five test flights, surpassed expectations with 72 missions before a crash ended its flight capabilities. Despite the damage, its sensors and systems remain functional, allowing it to act as a weather station. Communication with the helicopter relies on the Perseverance rover, which is moving farther away, potentially ending ...

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NASA's Parker Solar Probe is set for a record-breaking approach to the sun on December 24, travelling at 430,000 mph and reaching within 3.8 million miles of the surface. The spacecraft, equipped with advanced heat shields, will navigate solar plasma plumes and potentially an active eruption during this phase of heightened solar activity. This flyby, coinciding with t...

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Archaeological findings in Kosenivka, Ukraine, reveal the burned remains of seven individuals from the Cucuteni-Trypillia societies, dated to approximately 5,700 years ago. The victims, including children and adults, showed signs of violent head trauma, suggesting possible intergroup conflict. One skull fragment placed atop the burial a century later hints at potentia...

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ispace and Magna Petra have joined forces to pioneer sustainable helium-3 extraction from the moon's regolith. Helium-3, a rare isotope critical for energy and technology applications, could be a game-changer for Earth. Magna Petra plans to use environmentally conscious methods to extract and transport the isotope. The initiative aligns with ispace's vision for expand...

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CERN's ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has identified the heaviest antimatter particle observed to date. By replicating early universe conditions, this discovery provides new insights into the dominance of matter over antimatter. The particle, an antimatter counterpart of hyperhelium-4, emerges from a state of matter known as "quark-gluon plasma." Th...

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Researchers at Penn State and Columbia University identified semi-Dirac fermions, quasiparticles theorized 16 years ago, in ZrSiS crystals. These particles are massless in one direction but have mass in another. The findings, published in Physical Review X, were made using magneto-optical spectroscopy at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. The discovery could...

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Aditya-L1, India’s first solar mission, observed a Coronal Mass Ejection on July 16, 2024. Researchers found that the event caused significant coronal dimming, increased turbulence, and solar plasma deflection due to magnetic fields. These insights, derived from VELC measurements, deepen our understanding of solar activity and its space weather impacts. The study, p...

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The Cold Moon, the last full moon of 2024, will grace the skies on December 15, reaching its peak brightness at 4:01 a.m. EST. Positioned in the Taurus constellation, the moon will rise alongside Jupiter and some of the brightest stars, creating a visual treat for stargazers. Known culturally as the Long Nights Moon and the Moon Before Yule, it symbolises the transiti...

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A powerful X-class solar flare erupted from sunspot region 3912 on December 8, disrupting high-frequency radio communications in southern Africa. The flare, accompanied by a coronal mass ejection (CME), ionised Earth’s upper atmosphere, absorbing radio signals and causing blackouts in areas exposed to peak solar activity. Experts predict the CME will likely graze Ea...

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The Hubble Space Telescope has provided an unprecedented view of quasar 3C 273, one of the brightest objects in the universe, unveiling mysterious features near its core. These include an L-shaped structure and blobs, likely smaller galaxies feeding the quasar’s black hole. The discovery also highlights a massive jet spanning 300,000 light-years with varying speeds....

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Researchers have uncovered a 37,000-year-old chamber in Israel's Manot Cave, believed to have hosted ritual gatherings. The space features a carved boulder and deer antler linked to spiritual practices during the Aurignacian period. Natural acoustics and ash traces suggest torch-lit ceremonies involving up to 100 participants. Radiometric dating confirms the age of ar...

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Google’s Quantum AI team has achieved a milestone with its latest processor, Willow, capable of solving a computational problem in just five minutes — a task that would take classical supercomputers 10 septillion years. Willow incorporates error-correcting technologies, reducing inaccuracies as more qubits are added.

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SpaceX successfully tested the Super Heavy booster at its Starbase facility in Texas on December 9. The static fire, involving 33 Raptor engines, forms part of preparations for Starship’s seventh flight. The mission, targeted for January 11, 2024, aims to refine the reusable rocket system’s capabilities. With six prior flights completed, the upcoming launch repres...

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Google on Monday said that it has overcome a key challenge in quantum computing with a new generation of chip, solving a computing problem in five minutes that would take a classical computer more time than the history of the universe.

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The Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex is set to debut The Gantry at LC-39 in early 2025. The attraction includes a simulated rocket engine test with visual effects, sound, and interactive exhibits. Visitors can explore launch sites, design and virtually launch rockets, and engage with environmental research at the new Earth Information Center.

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Research published in Nature reveals that ancient galaxy collisions may have led to the creation of the universe’s largest star systems. Using data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), scientists studied over 100 galaxies undergoing intense star formation. These collisions are believed to have occurred 8 to 12 billion years ago, during a per...

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Scientists at the University of South Australia (UniSA) have unveiled a navigation system for drones that uses stars to pinpoint their location, removing the need for GPS signals. The lightweight and cost-effective system enhances operational resilience, particularly in environments where GPS signals are jammed or degraded. This development has potential for both mili...

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The Fossil Forest in Dorset, England, preserves tree stumps from the late Jurassic period through unique microbial fossilisation. Found along the Jurassic Coast, these remains showcase the ancient Protocupressinoxylon cypress species and offer insight into prehistoric ecosystems. Rising sea levels submerged the forest, but microbes encased the roots in calcium carbona...

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NASA has announced delays in the Artemis missions, citing the need for additional technical preparations. Artemis 2, the first crewed Moon mission since the Apollo era, will now launch in 2026. Artemis 3, the programme's lunar landing mission, has been moved to mid-2027 due to Orion spacecraft readiness and other challenges. Adjustments to the spacecraft’s heat shie...

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A recent discovery of 15 Neolithic skulls in the Masseria Candelaro site in Italy offers new insights into ancient rituals. The skulls, dating back to 5618-5335 B.C., suggest they were part of a unique ancestor practice. Found inside a structure, the skulls show no signs of violence, hinting that they were handled over generations in symbolic rituals rather than being...

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In a study by the Alfred Wegener Institute, scientists identified a sharp drop in planetary albedo as a primary factor in the 2023 temperature rise. This decline, particularly in low-altitude clouds, has been linked to a 0.23°C increase in global mean temperature. The study highlights that global warming itself may be reducing cloud cover, suggesting further temperat...

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Researchers at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) have developed a bird-like robot named RAVEN (Robotic Avian-inspired Vehicle for multiple ENvironments), designed to launch into flight using spring-loaded legs. This innovative design was inspired by the flight mechanics of crows, which use their legs to spring into the air, allowing them to conserve e...

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NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has captured unprecedented views of quasar 3C 273, located 2.5 billion light-years away. Using the STIS coronagraph, researchers uncovered unusual structures around the black hole, including an extragalactic jet and a mysterious L-shaped filament. The findings hint at galaxy interactions fuelling the quasar’s activity, offering critic...

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A study published in the European Journal of Archaeology proposes that slate plaques from the Late Neolithic and Copper Age Iberian Peninsula (3200–2200 BC) served as non-verbal genealogical records. The plaques, found in tombs across Portugal and Spain, were engraved with intricate geometric patterns and may have indicated clan affiliations and ancestral lineage. R...

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On December 4, 2024, SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket made history by completing its 24th mission, a new record for the company. The rocket, launched from Cape Canaveral, successfully carried 24 Starlink satellites into low Earth orbit. The first stage of the rocket also achieved its 24th successful landing, marking another significant milestone in SpaceX's reusable rocket ...

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NASA’s PREFIRE mission, launched in 2024, is utilizing CubeSats to capture groundbreaking data on far-infrared radiation emitted from polar regions. These measurements, which track heat escaping from the Arctic and Antarctic, provide critical insights into Earth’s energy balance, a key component in understanding climate change. Despite encountering technical chall...

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ESA’s Proba-3 mission, aimed at studying the Sun’s corona through an artificial eclipse, has been rescheduled to December 5, 2024, following a technical delay. The mission, which will launch aboard India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV), will use two satellites to demonstrate advanced formation-flying technology. These satellites will align with millimetr...

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New research suggests that dark matter may have originated from a "Dark Big Bang," a cosmic event distinct from the standard Big Bang. Proposed by scientists at Colgate University, the theory explores scenarios where dark matter could have been introduced into the universe up to a year after the initial Big Bang. Unlike regular matter, dark matter interacts only throu...

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On December 3, 2024, a small asteroid, C0WEPC5, measuring about 27 inches in diameter, was detected just hours before entering Earth's atmosphere. The asteroid disintegrated harmlessly over Siberia, creating a bright fireball. This marked the fourth "imminent impactor" event of the year, with three others recorded over Berlin, Hawaii, and the Philippines. Efforts by g...

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ESA’s Proba-3 mission, set to launch aboard India’s PSLV rocket on 4th December 2024, will create artificial eclipses in space using two satellites. These eclipses will allow extended observations of the Sun’s corona, advancing solar research and testing innovative formation-flying technology. The mission marks a major step in satellite collaboration and precisi...

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Astronomers are closely monitoring T Coronae Borealis, a binary star system in the Corona Borealis constellation, for its next nova eruption. The event, expected within months, could light up the night sky as the white dwarf gathers material from its red giant companion, triggering a nuclear explosion. Advanced telescopes like NASA’s Fermi are gathering data to stud...

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Chinese astronauts are studying fruit flies aboard the Tiangong space station to understand how microgravity and sub-magnetic fields affect living organisms. The research focuses on biological rhythms, molecular mechanisms, and movement patterns, with samples set to return to Earth for detailed analysis. The study could provide valuable insights for future deep-space ...

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A new image from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has provided a fresh perspective on the Sombrero Galaxy (M104), located 30 million light-years away in the Virgo constellation. Captured in mid-infrared wavelengths by JWST’s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), this detailed view reveals star-forming clumps in the galaxy’s outer dust rings. Despite its iconic...

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Blood types, classified by antigens on red blood cells, extend beyond the ABO and Rh systems. According to experts, over 47 recognised blood group systems exist, with more discoveries emerging. Rare types, such as the Bombay phenotype, require precise matches during transfusions, particularly for patients with certain genetic conditions. Maintaining a diverse donor po...

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A 56-microsecond daily time drift between Earth and the Moon, caused by relativity, presents unique challenges for future lunar missions. Scientists are devising a standard lunar time system to ensure navigation accuracy and mission safety, particularly as NASA’s Artemis programme expands human and robotic activity on the Moon. This groundwork is crucial for managin...

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ISRO Chairman S Somanath stressed the importance of private-sector involvement in advancing India’s space activities. Speaking at Huddle Global 2024, he endorsed Elon Musk’s sustainable model for space exploration and highlighted the need to grow India’s satellite capabilities from 15 to 500 to expand its global footprint. Collaborative efforts between ISRO and ...

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